Chemical recreations, a popular manual of experimental chemistry Volume 1
John Joseph Griffin
Paperback
(RareBooksClub.com, March 4, 2012)
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1860 Excerpt: ...will find the weights to be--Q--P = 9 grains. Q'--P" = 1467 grains. Now, 9 grains of water contain 1 grain of hydrogen, and 1467 grains of carbonic acid contain 4 grains of carbon; and since oxalic acid contains nothing else than hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, it follows that the 21 grains submitted to analysis consist of--Hydrogen.. 1 grain. Carbon... 4 grains. Oxygen...16 grains. To determine the relation of the equivalents of the three elements which exist in oxalic acid, you have to divide these weighed quantities, each by the chemical equivalent of the element. You thus find--1-7-1 = 1' = hydrogen. 4-7-12 = 333 = carbon. 16-7-16 = 1 = oxygen. These numbers are equivalent 1 Hydrogen.... 3 Carbon I Oxygen 3 Consequently, to HCO. This is the teaching of Ultimate analysis, which shows us only the ultimate atoms that are present in a compound, and not how these atoms are arranged into Proximate constituents. By other experiments, to be presently described, you are able to prove that crystallised oxalic acid is separable into water and the oxalate of hydrogen, or into HCO8 + HHO. Beyond that all is theory or conjecture, both as respects the composition of the salt, H + CO8, or HO + CO, and of the water, H + HO, as I have fully explained in preceding sections. Separation of the Water of Crystallisation from Oxalic Acid. When the crystals of oxalic acid are heated they give off a certain quantity of water, and produce the effloresced or the sublimed salt. The result of the exposure to the action of heat is that 63 grains of HCO + HHO produce about 45 grains of HCO, the quantity of water, HHO, given orl' being about 18 grains. When the heating takes place in the open air the product is never exact or constant; but it is possible to secure accuracy by the pr...