First steps in geometry
George Albert Wentworth
Paperback
(RareBooksClub.com, May 19, 2012)
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1901 Excerpt: ...a circumference are said to touch each other at the point of contact. Evidently all points of a tangent, except the point of contact, lie outside the circumference. THEOREMS 1. A tangent is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of contact. 2. The perpendicular to a radius at its extremity is a tangent to the circle. 3. The perpendicular to a tangent at the point of contact passes through the centre of the circle. EXERCISES 1. State the hypothesis and the conclusion in each of the Theorems 1, 2, and 3. 2. Describe a circle, and then draw through a point on the circumference a tangent to the circle. 3. If tangents are drawn through the ends of a diameter of a circle, what is their position with respect to each other? 70. Two Tangents. The figure PAOB (Fig. 118) formed by two tangents PA, PB, drawn from an exterior point P to the circle whose centre is O, and the radii OA, OB, drawn to the points of contact, is a bi-symmetric figure with respect to the straight line PO, which joins P to the centre. Hence, PA = PB, and PO bisects the angle APB. THEOREMS 1. Two tangents drawn from an exterior point to a circle are equal. 2. Two tangents from an exterior point make equal angles with the straight line which joins th« exterior point to the centre of the circle. EXERCISES 1. What are the values of the angles PA O and PBO (Fig. 118)? 2. What is the sum of the angles APO anil AOP1 3. If APB = 00, what kind of a figure is APBO1 4. Describe a circle, and then draw tangents to the circle through a point P outside the circumference (Fig. 119). Upon PO as diameter, describe a circle cutting the given circle at the points A and B. Draw the straight lines PA and PB. 5. Draw two tangents to a circle making an angle of 00. 71. Railroad Curves. In laying out a rai...