Books with title Statistics

Audie Award Finalist, Business/Educational, 2013Once considered tedious, the field of statistics is rapidly evolving into a discipline Hal Varian, chief economist at Google, has actually called "sexy." From batting averages and political polls to game shows and medical research, the real-world application of statistics continues to grow by leaps and bounds. How can we catch schools that cheat on standardized tests? How does Netflix know which movies you'll like? What is causing the rising incidence of autism? As bestselling author Charles Wheelan shows us in Naked Statistics, the right data and a few well-chosen statistical tools can help us answer these questions and more.For those who slept through Stats 101, this audiobook is a lifesaver. Wheelan strips away the arcane and technical details and focuses on the underlying intuition that drives statistical analysis. He clarifies key concepts such as inference, correlation, and regression analysis, reveals how biased or careless parties can manipulate or misrepresent data, and shows us how brilliant and creative researchers are exploiting the valuable data from natural experiments to tackle thorny questions.You’ll encounter clever Schlitz Beer marketers leveraging basic probability, an International Sausage Festival illuminating the tenets of the central limit theorem, and a head-scratching choice from the famous game show Let’s Make a Deal—and you’ll come away with insights each time. With the wit, accessibility, and sheer fun that turned Naked Economics into a bestseller, Wheelan defies the odds yet again by bringing another essential, formerly unglamorous discipline to life.

In text, 'hints' support key areas, for example, specific calculations in worked examples. Clear, two-colour, labelled illustrations provide extra clarity and a visual aid to understanding. Numerous exercises, worked examples and clear explanations with questions and diagrams provide exceptional learning support. Applications and Activities provide extension material and further opportunities for coursework. Review and Technique exercises and Consolidation 'A' and 'B' exercises provide complete exam practice and course support.

Until recently, the field of statistical physics was traditionally taught as three separate subjects: thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and kinetic theory. This text, a forerunner in its field and now a classic, was the first to recognize the outdated reasons for their separation and to combine the essentials of the three subjects into one unified presentation of thermal physics. It has been widely adopted in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses, and is recommended throughout the field as an indispensable aid to the independent study and research of statistical physics.Designed for a one-year course of instruction for non-specialist graduate students, or advanced undergraduates, the book is divided into three parts. Principles of Statistical Thermodynamics (Part I) covers the first and second laws of thermodynamics, elementary statistical methods in physics, and other topics, including an especially clear and enlightening discussion of thermodynamic potentials and their applications. Part II, devoted to equilibrium statistics of special systems, offers excellent coverage of the imperfect gas, lattice dynamics, the statistics of semiconductors, the two-dimension Ising model, and a particularly lucid chapter on dilute solutions. Moreover, the treatment of topics in solid state physics is more extensive than is usually found in books on statistical mechanics. Kinetic theory, transport coefficients, and fluctuations comprise Part III, with a fine presentation of the Kac ring model; the Boltzmann transport equation; kinetics of charge carriers in solids, liquids, and gases; fluctuations and Brownian motion, and more. A liberal quantity of problems has been added to each chapter, including a special section of "recommended problems," whose solutions will insure an adequate understanding of the text. Solutions of all problems will be found at the back of the book along with a list of supplementary literature.

Until recently, the field of statistical physics was traditionally taught as three separate subjects: thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and kinetic theory. This text, a forerunner in its field and now a classic, was the first to recognize the outdated reasons for their separation and to combine the essentials of the three subjects into one unified presentation of thermal physics. It has been widely adopted in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses, and is recommended throughout the field as an indispensable aid to the independent study and research of statistical physics.Designed for a one-year course of instruction for non-specialist graduate students, or advanced undergraduates, the book is divided into three parts. Principles of Statistical Thermodynamics (Part I) covers the first and second laws of thermodynamics, elementary statistical methods in physics, and other topics, including an especially clear and enlightening discussion of thermodynamic potentials and their applications. Part II, devoted to equilibrium statistics of special systems, offers excellent coverage of the imperfect gas, lattice dynamics, the statistics of semiconductors, the two-dimension Ising model, and a particularly lucid chapter on dilute solutions. Moreover, the treatment of topics in solid state physics is more extensive than is usually found in books on statistical mechanics. Kinetic theory, transport coefficients, and fluctuations comprise Part III, with a fine presentation of the Kac ring model; the Boltzmann transport equation; kinetics of charge carriers in solids, liquids, and gases; fluctuations and Brownian motion, and more. A liberal quantity of problems has been added to each chapter, including a special section of "recommended problems," whose solutions will insure an adequate understanding of the text. Solutions of all problems will be found at the back of the book along with a list of supplementary literature.

Get the AP college credits you've worked so hard for... Our savvy test experts show you the way to master the test and score higher. This new and fully expanded edition examines all AP Statistics areas including in-depth coverage of univariate and bivariate data, measures of dispersion, sampling, and hypothesis testing. The comprehensive review covers every possible exam topic: exploring data, planning a study, anticipating patterns, and statistical inferences. Features 6 full-length practice exams with all answers thoroughly explained.Follow up your study with REA's test-taking strategies, powerhouse drills and study schedule that get you ready for test day.DETAILS- Comprehensive, up-to-date subject review of every AP Statistics topic used in the AP exam.- Study schedule tailored to your needs- Packed with proven key exam tips, insights and advice- 6 full-length practice exams. All exam answers are fully detailed with easy-to-follow, easy-to-grasp explanations.TABLE OF CONTENTSAbout Research & Education AssociationIndependent Study ScheduleCHAPTER 1 - SUCCEEDING IN AP STATISTICSAbout The Advanced Placement ProgramThe AP Statistics ExamAbout the Review SectionsScoring the ExamScoring the Multiple-Choice SectionScoring the Free-Response QuestionsThe Composite ScoreScores that Receive College Credit and/or Advanced PlacementStudying for Your AP Examination Test-Taking TipsCHAPTER 2 - EXPLORING DATA Exploring Univariate DataStandardized Scores (Z-Scores)Exploring Bivariate DataExploring Categorical Data: Frequency TablesMeasures of Central TendencyRange and PercentilesMeasures of DispersionSimplified Methods for Computing the Standard Deviation and VarianceSampling ErrorCHAPTER 3 - PLANNING A STUDY Methods of Data CollectionPlanning and Conducting SurveysPlanning and Conducting ExperimentsCHAPTER 4 - ANTICIPATING PATTERNS Review of Laws of Large NumbersConditional Probabilities and IndependenceDiscrete Random VariablesMathematical Expectation of Discrete Random Variables Normal DistributionSampling DistributionsCHAPTER 5 - STATISTICAL INFERENCES Confidence IntervalsHypothesis TestingType I and Type II ErrorsHypothesis Testing - Single SampleHypothesis Testing for Two PopulationsPRACTICE TEST 1Test 1Test 1 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersPRACTICE TEST 2Test 2Test 2 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersPRACTICE TEST 3Test 3Test 3 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersPRACTICE TEST 4Test 4Test 4 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersPRACTICE TEST 5Test 5Test 5 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersPRACTICE TEST 6Test 6Test 6 Answer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersAPPENDIX: FORMULAS AND TABLES ANSWER SHEETS EXCERPTAbout Research & Education AssociationResearch & Education Association (REA) is an organization of educators, scientists, and engineers specializing in various academic fields. Founded in 1959 with the purpose of disseminating the most recently developed scientific information to groups in industry, government, high schools, and universities, REA has since become a successful and highly respected publisher of study aids, test preps, handbooks, and reference works.REA's Test Preparation series includes study guides for all academic levels in almost all disciplines. Research & Education Association publishes test preps for students who have not yet completed high school, as well as high school students preparing to enter college. Students from countries around the world seeking to attend college in the United States will find the assistance they need in REA's publications. For college students seeking advanced degrees, REA publishes test preps for many major graduate school admission examinations in a wide variety of disciplines, including engineering, law, and medicine. Students at every level, in every field, with every ambition can find what they are looking for among REA's publications. While most test preparation books present practice tests that bear little resemblance to the actual exams, REA's series presents tests that accurately depict the official exams in both degree of difficulty and types of questions. REA's practice tests are always based upon the most recently administered exams, and include every type of question that can be expected on the actual exams.REA's publications and educational materials are highly regarded and continually receive an unprecedented amount of praise from professionals, instructors, librarians, parents, and students. Our authors are as diverse as the fields represented in the books we publish. They are well-known in their respective disciplines and serve on the faculties of prestigious high schools, colleges, and universities throughout the United States and Canada.Chapter 1 - SUCCEEDING IN AP STATISTICS The objective of this book is to prepare you for the Advanced Placement Examination in Statistics by providing you with an accurate representation of the test. Toward that end, we provide an extensive review and practice tests that cover the material one would expect to study in a typical Advanced Placement course and see on the exam itself.Six full-length practice Statistics exams are provided. Following each practice exam is an answer key and a detailed explanation for every question. The explanations not only provide the correct response but also explain why none of the remaining answers is the best choice.By studying the appropriate review sections, taking the corresponding exams, and studying the answer explanations, you can discover your strengths and weaknesses, and prepare yourself to score well on the AP Statistics examination.ABOUT THE ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAMThe Advanced Placement program consists of two components: an AP course and an AP exam. Advanced Placement examinations are offered each May at participating schools and multischool centers throughout the world. The Advanced Placement program is designed to provide high school students with the opportunity to pursue college-level studies while still attending high school. In turn, the participating colleges grant credit and/or advanced placement to students who do well on the examination.The AP Statistics course is designed to represent the content of a typical introductory college course in statistics. The full-year course covers the skills and knowledge expected of students in the field of introductory statistics. The course is intended for high school students who wish to complete studies equivalent to a one-semester, non-calculus-based college course in statistics. Additional information about the AP program and the AP Statistics exam is available by contacting: AP Services Educational Testing Service P.O. Box 6671 Princeton, NJ 08541-6671 Phone: (609) 771-7300 Fax: (609) 530-0482 E-mail: apexams@ets.org Website: http://www.collegeboard.comTHE AP STATISTICS EXAMThe AP Statistics exam lasts 180 minutes and is divided into two sections:I. Multiple-Choice (50% of your grade): This 90-minute section is composed of 35 questions designed to test your proficiency in a wide variety of topics. The questions test examinees' ability to explore data, plan a statistical study, anticipate patterns, and make statistical inferences.II. Free-Response (a combined 50% of your grade): This 90-minute section requires the student to answer four to seven open-ended questions and to complete one investigative task question involving more extended reasoning. Each open-ended question has been created to be answered in approximately 10 minutes. The longer investigative-task question has been created to be answered in approximately 30 minutes. The questions require students to relate different content areas as they plan an extensive solution to a statistics or probability problem. Students are expected to use their analytical and organizational skills to formulate cogent answers in writing their responses. It will be expected that students will show enough of their work to allow the readers to be able to follow their logic.Note that it is not necessary to write out routine statistical calculations that can be done on a calculator. Each student is expected to bring a calculator with statistical capabilities to the examination. The computational capabilities of the calculator should include common univariate and bivariate summaries through linear regression. The graphical capabilities of the calculator should include common univariate and bivariate displays such as boxplots, histograms, and scatterplots. Most graphing calculators on the market are acceptable; non-graphing calculators are allowed only if they have the computational capabilities described previously. The following, however, are not permitted: powerbooks and portable computers, pocket organizers, electronic writing pads, pen input devices, or devices with typewriter-style, or QWERTY, keyboards.ABOUT THE REVIEW SECTIONSAs mentioned earlier, this book has a review chapter for each of the four topics covered on the exam. The following are the four review chapters in this book that cover the topics on the AP Statistics:- Exploring Data- Planning a Study- Anticipating Patterns- Statistical InferencesThe review chapters provide a thorough discussion of the material tested on the exam. By studying the review chapters and by taking the practice test(s), you can prepare yourself to score high on the AP Statistics exam.SCORING THE EXAMThe multiple-choice section of the exam is scored by crediting each correct answer with one point and deducting one-fourth of a point for each incorrect answer. Unanswered questions receive neither credit nor deduction.The free-response questions are graded by readers chosen from around the country for their familiarity with the AP Program. Each free-response question is read and scored with the reader providing the score on a 0-to-4 (0 being the lowest and 4 the highest) scale. The free-response questions are scored based on the statistical knowledge and communication the student used to answer the question. The statistical knowledge criteria include identifying the important concepts of the problem and demonstrating statistical concepts and techniques that result in a correct solution of the problem. The communication criteria include an explanation of what was done and why, along with a statement of conclusions drawn. Once the free-response questions have been graded by all of the readers, the scores are converted. The open-ended questions count as 75% of the free-response score; the investigative-task question counts as 25%.SCORING THE MULTIPLE-CHOICE SECTIONFor the multiple-choice section, use this formula to calculate your raw score:Number Right - (Number Wrong x 1/4) = Raw Score (round to the nearest whole number) Note: Do not include unanswered questions in the formula.SCORING THE FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONSFor the free-response section, use this formula to calculate your raw score:5 Open-Ended Questions (75%) +1 Investigative-Task Question (25%) = Raw ScoreTHE COMPOSITE SCORETo obtain your composite score, use the following method:Multiple-Choice Raw Score + Free-Response Raw Score = Raw Score AP grades are interpreted as follows: 5-extremely well qualified,4-well qualified, 3-qualified, 2-possibly qualified, and 1-no recommendation.SCORES THAT RECEIVE COLLEGE CREDIT AND/OR ADVANCED PLACEMENTMost colleges grant students who earn at least a "3" college credit and/or advanced placement. You should check with your school guidance office about specific college requirements.STUDYING FOR YOUR AP EXAMINATIONIt is never too early to start studying. The earlier you begin, the more time you will have to sharpen your skills. Do not procrastinate! Cramming is not an effective way to study, since it does not allow you the time needed to learn the test material.It is very important for you to choose the time and place for studying that works best for you. Some students may set aside a certain number of hours every morning to study, while others may choose to study at night before going to sleep. Other students may study during the day, while waiting on a line, or even while eating lunch. Only you can determine when and where your study time will be most effective. But be consistent and use your time wisely. Work out a study routine and stick to it!When you take the practice exam(s), try to make your testing conditions as much like the actual test as possible. Turn your television and radio off, and sit down at a quiet table free from distraction. Make sure to time yourself.Complete the practice test(s), score your test(s) and thoroughly review the explanations for the questions you answered incorrectly. However, do not review too much during any one sitting. Concentrate on one problem area at a time by reviewing the question and explanation, and by studying our review(s) until you are confident that you completely understand the material.Since you will be allowed to write in your test booklet during the actual exam, you may want to write in the margins and spaces of this book when practicing. However, do not make miscellaneous notes on your answer sheet. Mark your answers clearly and make sure the answer you have chosen corresponds to the question you are answering.Keep track of your scores! This will enable you to gauge your progress and discover general weaknesses in particular sections. You should carefully study the reviews that cover the topics causing you difficulty, as this will build your skills in those areas.To get the most out of your studying time, we recommend that you follow the Study Schedule. It details how you can best budget your time.TEST-TAKING TIPSAlthough you may be unfamiliar with tests such as the Advanced Placement exams, there are many ways to acquaint yourself with this type of examination and help alleviate your test-taking anxieties. Listed below are ways to help yourself become accustomed to the AP exam, some of which may also be applied to other standardized tests.Become comfortable with the format of the AP Examination in Statistics. When you are practicing to take the exam(s), simulate the conditions under which you will be taking the actual test(s). You should practice under the same time constraints as well. Stay calm and pace yourself. After simulating the test only a couple of times, you will boost your chances of doing well, and you will be able to sit down for the actual test much more confidently.Know the directions and format for each section of the exam. Familiarizing yourself with the directions and format of the different test sections will not only save you time, but will also ensure that you are familiar enough with the AP exam to avoid anxiety (and the mistakes caused by being anxious).Work on the easier questions first. If you find yourself working too long on one question, make a mark next to it in your test booklet and continue. After you have answered all of the questions that you can, go back to the ones you have skipped.Use the process of elimination when you are unsure of an answer. If you can eliminate three of the answer choices, you have given yourself a fifty-fifty chance of getting the item correct since there will only be two choices left from which to make a guess. If you cannot eliminate at least three of the answer choices, you may choose not to guess, as you will be penalized one-quarter of a point for every incorrect answer. Questions not answered will not be counted.Be sure that you are marking your answer in the oval that corresponds with the correct item in the test booklet. Since the multiple-choice section is graded by machine, marking the wrong answer will throw off your score.

Statistics has developed in parallel with the advances of technological and social change. Informed by the work of the Cambridge Mathematics team, this book outlines a new pedagogical approach to teaching statistics. It frames the interconnectedness of the subject around the experiences that students should have, rather than the specific techniques required. The book provides numerous examples and suggestions that teachers can incorporate in the classroom to help improve the way students understand statistics.