Books with title SPANISH COMMAND Traditional Chinese

For Spanish NEGATIVE or FORMAL COMMAND, always conjugate the subjunctive. The imperative mood in the second person, singular - “tú” form which looks like the present tense of 3rd person, singular, is used to give informal command in Spanish. Irregular “tú” form verbs have unique spellings “ten, haz, sé, di, ven, pon, ve, sal”, which a foreigner has to memorize, without the benefit of reasoning. For “vosotros” form, dropping the “r“ from all infinitives, before adding the “d”, examples are “ quered, cortad, sufrid…”. Infinitive can be used for informal and/or impersonal command, especially in instructions. In English, command can be indicated by omitting the subject of the verb. Indirect command is used to give a command to someone other than the person being spoken to.

For Spanish NEGATIVE or FORMAL COMMAND, always conjugate the subjunctive. The imperative mood in the second person, singular - “tú” form which looks like the present tense of 3rd person, singular, is used to give informal command in Spanish. Irregular “tú” form verbs have unique spellings “ten, haz, sé, di, ven, pon, ve, sal”, which a foreigner has to memorize, without the benefit of reasoning. For “vosotros” form, dropping the “r“ from all infinitives, before adding the “d”, examples are “ quered, cortad, sufrid…”. Infinitive can be used for informal and/or impersonal command, especially in instructions. In English, command can be indicated by omitting the subject of the verb. Indirect command is used to give a command to someone other than the person being spoken to.

“HABER, SER” are the most frequently used and irregular Spanish verbs. This book provides many examples of Spanish simple present, simple past, future, perfect, pluperfect, conditional tenses, command, subjunctive mood, and passive voice, a helpful resource, like a mini Spanish Grammar Book for writing Spanish sentences and learning verb conjugation.

“TENER, HACER, & PONER” are the most frequently used and irregular Spanish verbs. This book provides many examples of Spanish simple present, simple past, future, perfect, pluperfect, conditional tenses, command, subjunctive mood, and passive voice, a helpful resource, like a mini Spanish Grammar Book for writing Spanish sentences and learning verb conjugation.

Illustrated exampled are grouped by main verbs in this book.In the attempt to achieve consistency in verb tenses, a general rule of thumb is that,when the main verb (or another dependent verb) is in the present, present perfect, future tense, imperative mood, and/or present subjunctive, and when the verb in the dependent clause refers to action that takes place at the same time or after the main verb, whether in actuality or not, present subjunctive should be used; if the dependent verb refers to action that takes place before the main verb, or has been completed (whether in actuality or not), the the dependent verb should be in the present perfect subjunctive.(Working backward from the present subjunctive to obtain the infinitive, and working backward from the imperfect subjunctive to obtain the past or imperfect tense and then the infinitive, this kind of practice is an efficient way to learn verb conjugation. )

Learning when to use the subjunctive mood can be particularly challenging for English-speakers or Chinese-speakers learning Spanish partly because the subjunctive mood is nearly absent in English or Chinese. This books shows under what conditions subjunctive mood should be used in Spanish. After que or ojalá, and when the wish is a possible possibility, present subjunctive should be used; following ojalá and the wish is contrary to facts, imperfect subjunctive should be used.

We can use the conjugated helping verb of “haber” plus past participle to form various perfect tense. The most often used verbs with PP are “estar” and “ser”, resembling the passive voice construction in English. However, “PP” can be an adjective following a noun, or used independently. The past participle can also immediately follow certain other conjugated verbs. Gerund can be used to make compound verb to form present or past progressive tense. They can also follow other conjugated verbs, such as verb of perception. Participial phrase is formed by a Gerund or PP. Spanish verb of becoming is a very common expression, and useful to show changes in emotion. The most common way in Spanish to express “to begin, or to start” is also included in this book.

Most of transitive verbs which take a direct objects theoretically can be followed by an infinitive (noun), without using a conjunction or preposition. An infinitive can be used as a noun - as the subject, the direct object of a verb and/or an object of a preposition. The beauty is that the infinitive offers a wide range of uses of a word, without sacrificing its meaning or characteristics as a verb.