Books with title Palæontology--Invertebrate

This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for quality. Quality assurance was conducted on each of these books in an attempt to remove books with imperfections introduced by the digitization process. Though we have made best efforts - the books may have occasional errors that do not impede the reading experience. We believe this work is culturally important and have elected to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 Excerpt: ...foot (/). This is a laterally flattened muscular organ, frequently hatchet-1 or ploughshare-shaped, and is used for crawling, or for burrowing in sand or mud. Sometimes, as in the case of Trigonia, by means of a rapid movement, it enables the 1 Hence the name Pelecypoda used by some authors for this class. Fig. 84. Mya arenaria. The left valve and mantle and half the siphons have been removed, a, anterior adductor muscle; a', posterior adductor; b, visceral mass; c, cloacal chamber into which the anus opens; /, foot; g, branchiae; h, heart; m, cut edge of the mantle; o, mouth; p, edge of mantle; s, branchial siphon; s', anal siphon; t, labial palps; v, anus. (From Woodward.) animal to jump to a considerable distance. In the genus Mytilus the foot is very much reduced; in others which have lost the power of locomotion (e.g. Ostrea) it is absent altogether. On the posterior part of the foot there is in some genera (e.g. Mytilus, Avicula, Area) a gland which secretes a bundle of horny fibres, known as the byssus, by means of which the animal moors itself to foreign objects. On each side of the foot, between it and the mantle, and attached to the body dorsally, are the gills or branchiae (fig. 84, g); these consist of filaments which usually become connected so as to form leaf-or plate-like bodies, whence the name Lamellibranchia. In some forms, the margins of the two mantle-lobes although in contact are not united, and when this is the case there are usually at the posterior margin two openings leading from the exterior to the mantle-cavity; these are produced by adjoining excavations or notches in the two lobes of the mantle. A current of water, caused by the cilia on the gills and mantle, flows in through the ventral opening, and provides the animal with foo...

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

The general plan of this work is to give, in each group of the Invertebrate, first, a short account of its general zoological features with a more detailed description of the hard parts of the animals; secondly, its classification and the characters of the important genera, with remarks on the affinities of some forms; and thirdly, a description of the present distribution, and the geological range.The illustrations are employed mainly for the purpose of explaining structure and terminology, and will not enable the student to dispense with the use of specimens. The list of paleontological works is intended to indicate where further information may be obtained in any branch of the subject; it includes works of general interest in each group.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.