Nature
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Paperback
(CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, Jan. 16, 2016)
The roots of the Transcendentalism movement reach deep and wide. With this essay, Ralph Waldo Emerson combines elements from European Romanticism, ancient Indian religions, and the more recent Unitarian thought into a uniquely American philosophy based on an ideal relationship between mankind and nature. “Let us inquire,” he states in his Introduction, “to what end is nature?” He identifies four “uses”: Commodity—the functional benefits we derive from nature: Beauty—the sensual delights it brings; Language—words, all of which trace their genesis to some aspect of nature; and Discipline—the truth and permanence of natural order. The concluding chapters are entitled “Idealism,” “Spirit,” and “Prospects.” Emerson extends his inquiry beyond the uses of nature into its connection—and our ability to make a connection with—God. He continues by exploring the prospects of taking a spiritual approach to nature. Doing so, he suggests will enable us to gain insights that may be more broad and valuable than those gained from a more fragmented scientific process. Emerson’s essay had lasting influence, especially for New England writers, such as Louisa May Alcott and Henry David Thoreau and among contemporary and later intellectuals who embraced the concept and the name of Transcendentalism.