Books with author Robert A. Harper

This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1836 Excerpt: ...This process has already been mentioned as one of the means of obtaining nitrogen. In its reaction with ammonia iodine differs from chlorine. When iodine is brought in contact with dry ammoniacal gas, it forms a thick black fluid, which, when saturated with ammonia, becomes more liquid. This compound is decomposed by water forming the iodide of nitrogen. See page 243. With various metallic oxides, ammonia forms explosive compounds; especially those known as fulminating gold, and the most dangerous species of fulminating silver. By these appellations, however, other compounds of those metals are designated. By some mysterious influence, probably electro-chemical, the affinities between the oxygen and hydrogen are suspended without being destroyed. Yet by slight causes, whether mechanical or chemical, the equilibrium is subverted with explosive violence. 218. Process for obtaining Water of Ammonia. If instead of being conveyed into a bell glass over mercury, the gas be received in water contained in a phial, the water may be saturated, constituting aqua ammoniae, or water of ammonia. The saturation may be effected in an apparatus, similar to that represented in the above cut. The absorption of ammoniacal gas by water, causes so much heat, that, to produce a saturated solution, refrigeration by ice-water is necessaryWater, saturated with ammonia, when gradually cooled to the temperature of--40 F., crystallizes in long needles having a silky gloss. No doubt these crystals owe their existence to the presence of water, which exists in them as water of crystallization. Water of ammonia is lighter than water. In combining with the gas, the water loses weight in proportion to the degree of impregnation. At the maximum, at ordinary temperatures, the alkali constitute...