Books with author Katherine Lerner

SPANISH QUE, CUALTraditional Chinese with German BonusThe main purpose of this book is for the readers to learn to write Spanish complex sentences. A list of MISCELLANEOUS QUE is assembled with illustrated examples for your study.A magic formula = Conj. certain VERBS + QUE introducing a noun clause. “Lo que”, “el que”,”cual que”, “quien que” can be used as a subject of a sentence, or the direct object of the verb.

Most of transitive verbs which take a direct objects theoretically can be followed by an infinitive (noun), without using a conjunction or preposition. An infinitive can be used as a noun - as the subject, the direct object of a verb and/or an object of a preposition. The beauty is that the infinitive offers a wide range of uses of a word, without sacrificing its meaning or characteristics as a verb.

“HABER, SER” are the most frequently used and irregular Spanish verbs. This book provides many examples of Spanish simple present, simple past, future, perfect, pluperfect, conditional tenses, command, subjunctive mood, and passive voice, a helpful resource, like a mini Spanish Grammar Book for writing Spanish sentences and learning verb conjugation.

“TENER, HACER, & PONER” are the most frequently used and irregular Spanish verbs. This book provides many examples of Spanish simple present, simple past, future, perfect, pluperfect, conditional tenses, command, subjunctive mood, and passive voice, a helpful resource, like a mini Spanish Grammar Book for writing Spanish sentences and learning verb conjugation.

VERB + SOBRE, SEGUN, CONTRA, ANTES DE, SIN, MISCELLANEOUS, ENTRE,DESDE…HASTA, DE…A o HASTA, HACIA, HASTA, DURANTE, DESDE, BAJO, DEBAJO, DESPUES DE, TRAS, ACERCA DEEight formulas are created for stitching technique by using prepositions to “stitch” words together and to make it grammatically correct in Spanish. Infinitives are extensively used in the formulas as objects of preposition. It is not unusual to see different prepositions used with certain conjugated verbs. Looking for one absolute choice is not pragmatic under the circumstances. However we should still be careful in the selection of the correct choice so that we will not speak Chinese Spanish or English Spanish.

Present Perfect Tense can be used to focus on the result of the action, even though it is often translated as simple present or past tense in English. For verbs of movement, verbs expressing a change of state, and a few other verbs need “SEIN”, not “HABEN” as helping verb to form future tense. Using infinitive clauses with um…. zu, we can express the goal or purpose of an action. If we use um zu, “um” is placed at the beginning of the infinitive clause. Usually the infinitive clause is placed at the end of the sentence, however, sometimes it is placed in the front to be the subject of the sentence. Certain verbs adjectives, adverbs, and nouns are often use with an infinitive clause.

All German nouns need to be capitalized, classified as masculine noun - m.n., feminine noun - f.n., neuter n, and plural noun; and classified into four cases - nominative - Nom, accusative - AKK, dative - Dative, and genitive - Gen. Nouns in Gen & Dative case need to be declined also. This rule can easily confused a learner with plural nouns. To change a singular noun to plural, certain rules will apply, some only add n, en, e, s, se, er, ien,…; some nouns change one vowel only; some change one vowel and also add e or er. To foreigners, this is mind boggling.However, systemic learning may improve learning efficiency and decrease the probability of making mistakes.