Books with author Ellen Hawkes

This volume of pioneer and frontier life in the Midwest was published in 1920. Excerpts from the book: The early history of Ohio would be somewhat simplified if there were any records of the precolon- ial settlers. But hardly more is known of the individual "squatters" than of the ever-roving trappers and hunters. These frontiersmen recog- nized no law or land-title except what was termed the "tomahawk-right," registered with a tomahawk on a forest tree. They made small clearings, built cabins, raised crops for a few years and then per- haps moved on to some other point. As a rule they antagonized the Indians who shrewdly perceived the nature and consequences of the coming of this white-faced foe. Historical justice — -the only kind now possible— will never be done the Indians of the Ohio Valley until it is frankly admitted that the white man was an invader, opening his invasion by doing wanton injury and provoking violence in re- turn. The story of the devoted but ill-fated Mora- vians affords the chief if not the only record of honor on the part of the coming people in those years preceding 1787. The Moravians must be regarded as forming the first company settlement; they were also the first whites to discover a way of justice and humanity for dealing with the Indians; but they, in common with their Indian friends, fell victims to savage white men. It should not surprise us that the Indians fought desperately and in their own fashion for the lands of their fathers. It was a defence that would have been honored as nobly patriotic if made by any European people. But in a racial struggle so un- equal there could be only one outcome. In their defeat at the battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794, the Indians recognized their fate. The treaty made the following summer was signed by ninety chiefs and delegates from twelve tribes, including the two famous chiefs, Little Turtle of the Miamis and Blue Jacket of the Shawanees; while their conqueror, General Wayne, signed for the white man's govern- ment. Perpetual peace and amity were declared; the tribes placed themselves under the protection of the United States, trading territory for sums of money agreed upon and the prescribed "protection." The settlement of the Indian troubles, added to the formation of the Northwestern Territory, led naturally and promptly to a distinct movement for colonization. Indeed, various companies of colon- ists were already on Ohio soil prior to the Treaty of 1795. The Ohio Land Company, formed in Massachusetts, purchased a large tract of land in 1787, — the same year, it will be observed, that the Ordinance was passed. The actual group of pioneers representing this Ohio Land Company, un- der the leadership of Rufus Putnam, established a settlement on the banks of the Muskingum in 1788. Later in 1788 John Symmes with a company of thirty colonists having for their destination the val- ley of the Big Miami started from New Jersey, crossed the mountains and struck out for the Miami country, a region that had been described to them as "the fairest meadows that ever can be." During the next fifteen years settlers either as single families or in groups made their way into the region north of the Ohio, usually coming down the river by boat to the mouths of the northern tribu- taries and then ascending these streams. Thus settlements were made on the Muskingum, the Scioto, the Big Miami and the Little Miami. These streams were natural thoroughfares and gave access to the interior before anything that could be called a road was yet in existence through the dense for- ests. These pioneers came from Massachusetts and Connecticut, from New Jersey and Pennsyl- vania, from Maryland and Virginia and Kentucky. The population of the new Territory was thus composite from the start.

One October day in 1917 a far-traveled Pierce- Arrow car paused on the highway half a mile east of Granville, Ohio, and turning to the left took its course southward down a steep grade into an uninviting by-road. Going a few hundred yards it was stopped by a bridge, obviously frail, and the occupants of the car continued their explorations on foot. Where was that ever-flowing stream of artesian well-water which once came into existence when borings were made to find coal? An old woman from a solitary house explained that a disagreement over boundaries had provoked one of the parties to plug the pipe, and so the water flowed no more. Since when had cows been grazing in the mill-race, — once the home of catfish and mud-turtles? Just where did the forebay reach across the cart-road from the race to the big wheel, — that leaky forebay with its ever ready shower-bath? How long had the mill itself been gone? The automobile turned back and took its pilgrims to a district north of the highway. "The frost is on the punkin and the fodder's in the shock" where formerly a willow-bordered mill-pond had welcomed skaters and fishermen and swimming boys, according to the season. Was there not corn-land enough in Licking County that Norton Case's good mill-pond should be thus sacrificed? A visit was made to a certain

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this classic book as part of our extensive collection. As part of our on-going commitment to delivering value to the reader, we have also provided you with a link to a website, where you may download a digital version of this work for free. Many of the books in our collection have been out of print for decades, and therefore have not been accessible to the general public. Whilst the books in this collection have not been hand curated, an aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature. As a result of this book being first published many decades ago, it may have occasional imperfections. These imperfections may include poor picture quality, blurred or missing text. While some of these imperfections may have appeared in the original work, others may have resulted from the scanning process that has been applied. However, our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. While some publishers have applied optical character recognition (OCR), this approach has its own drawbacks, which include formatting errors, misspelt words, or the presence of inappropriate characters. Our philosophy has been guided by a desire to provide the reader with an experience that is as close as possible to ownership of the original work. We hope that you will enjoy this wonderful classic book, and that the occasional imperfection that it might contain will not detract from the experience.

Excerpt from Lessons on Higher Algebra: With an Appendix on the Nature of Mathematical ReasoningThe following Lessons have been prepared for use in a brief course in Algebra offered in the first part of the second semester, freshman year, at Wellesley College. An effort has been made to give unity to the work by proposing one general problem, - the discovery of the roots of Higher Numerical Equations. Everything has been omitted which does not bear directly on the solution of this problem. It hardly need be added that in so brief a presentation of the subject only the more important theorems could be included. The essentials of the Theory of Logarithms have been presented, preliminary to the study of Trigonometry.About the PublisherForgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.comThis book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for quality. Quality assurance was conducted on each of these books in an attempt to remove books with imperfections introduced by the digitization process. Though we have made best efforts - the books may have occasional errors that do not impede the reading experience. We believe this work is culturally important and have elected to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. This text refers to the Bibliobazaar edition.