The foundations of geometry
David Hilbert
Paperback
(RareBooksClub.com, May 21, 2012)
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 Excerpt: ...and call it the segment 0. We will indicate this fact by writing OO = 0, or 0 = OO. Let £ and E' be two definite points situated respectively upon the two fixed straight lines through O. Then, define the two segments OE and OE' as the segment 1 and write accordingly OE=OE' = 1 or = OE=OE We will call the straight line EE', for brevity, the unit-line. If, furthermore, A and A' are points upon the straight lines OE and OE', respectively, and, if the straight line AA' joining them is parallel to EE', then we will say that the segments OA and OA' are equal to one another, and write i OA = OA', or OA' = OA. In order now to define the sum of the segments «= OA and b= OB, we construct A A' parallel to the unit-line EE' and draw through A' a parallel to OE and through B a parallel to OE'. Let these two parallels intersect in A". Finally, draw through A" a straight line parallel to the unit-line EE'. Let this parallel cut the two fixed lines OE and OE' in C and C, respectively. Then c--0C= OC is called the sum of the segments a--OA and b--OB. We indicate this by writing c=a--b, or a--b = c. In order to define the product of a segment a = OA by a segment b=OB, we make use of exactly the same construction as employed in § 15, except that, in place of the sides of a right angle, we make use here of the straight lines OE and OE'. The construc » 1 b Fig. 42. tion is consequently as follows. Determine upon OE' a point A' so that A A' is parallel to the unit-line EE', and join E with A'. Then draw through B a straight line parallel to EA'. This parallel will intersect the fixed straight line OE' in the point C, and we call c=OC the product of the segment a = OA by the segment b = OB. We indicate this relation by writing c = ab, or ab=c. §...