A system of chemistry, in four volumes Volume 3
Thomas Thomson
Paperback
(RareBooksClub.com, March 6, 2012)
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1802 Excerpt: ... is alone capable of supporting flame and # animal life. This last air he extricated from nitre by heat, from the black oxide of manganese, and from other substances, and gave it the name of empyreal air. He showed that a mixture of two parts of foul air and one part of empyreal air possesses the properties of common air. The foul air of Scheele was the same with the phlogisticated air of Priestley, or with what is now known by the name of aaotic gas. His empyreal air is the same with the dephlogisticated air of Priestley, or with what is at present called oxygen i.ai. According to him, therefore, air is a compound of two parts of azotic and one part of oxygen gas. He accounted for the diminution of air by the liquid sulphurets and other similar bodies by his theory of the composition of caloric, which he considered as a compound of phlogiston and oxygen gas. According to him, the phlogiston of the sulphuret combines with the oxygen of the air, and passes through the vessels in the state of caloric, while the azotic gas, which has no affinity for caloric, is left behind. Scheele on Air and tire, p. 7. &c. Engl. Trans. While Scheele was occupied with his experiments on Chap. I. air, Lavoisier was assiduously employed on the sam6 subject, and was led by a different road to precisely the same conclusion as Scheele. By oxidating meTcury in a vessel filled with common air, and heated to the boiling point of mercury, he abstracted the greater part of its oxygen gas; and by heating the red oxide thus formed, he reconverted it into mercury, while at the same time a quantity of oxygen gas was extricated. The residuum in the first experiment possessed the properties of azotic gas; but when the oxygen gas extricated from the mercury was added to it, the mixture as...