Men of the Old Stone Age / Their Environment, Life and Art by Henry Fairfield Osborn :

This volume is the outcome of an ever-memorable tour through the country of the men of the Old Stone Age, guided by three of the distinguished archæologists of France, to whom the work is gratefully dedicated. This Palæolithic tour[A] of three weeks, accompanied as it was by a constant flow of conversation and discussion, made a very profound impression, namely, of the very early evolution of the spirit of man, of the close relation between early human environment and industry and the development of mind, of the remote antiquity of the human powers of observation, of discovery, and of invention. It appears that men with faculties and powers like our own, but in the infancy of education and tradition, were living in this region of Europe at least 25,000 years ago. Back of these intelligent races were others, also of eastern origin but in earlier stages of mental development, all pointing to the very remote ancestry of man from earlier mental and physical stages.
Another great impression from this region is that it is the oldest centre of human habitation of which we have a complete, unbroken record of continuous residence from a period as remote as 100,000 years corresponding with the dawn of human culture, to the hamlets of the modern peasant of France of A. D. 1915. In contrast, Egyptian, Ægean, and Mesopotamian civilizations appear as of yesterday.
The history of this region and its people has been developed chiefly through the genius of French archæologists, beginning with Boucher de Perthes. The more recent discoveries, which have come in rapid and almost bewildering succession since the foundation of the Institut de Paléontologie humaine, have been treated in a number of works recently published by some of the experienced archæologists of England, France, and Germany. I refer especially to the Prehistoric Times of Lord Avebury, to the Ancient Hunters of Professor Sollas, to Der Mensch der Vorzeit of Professor Obermaier, and to Die diluviale Vorzeit Deutschlands of Doctor R. R. Schmidt. Thus, on receiving the invitation from President Wheeler to lecture upon this subject before the University of California, I hesitated from the feeling that it would be difficult to say anything which had not been already as well or better said. On further reflection, however, I accepted the invitation with the purpose of attempting to give this great subject a more strictly historical or chronological treatment than it had previously received within the limits of a popular work in our own language, also to connect the environment, the animal and human life, and the art.
CONTENTS
GREEK CONCEPTIONS OF MAN'S ORIGIN
RISE OF ANTHROPOLOGY
RISE OF ARCHÆOLGY
GEOLIGIC HISTORY OF MAN
GEOGRAPHIC CHANGES
CLIMATIC CHANGES
MIGRATIONS OF MAMMALS
CHAPTER I
ANCESTRY OF THE ANTHROPOID APES
PLIOCENE CLIMATE, FORESTS, AND LIFE
TRANSITION TO THE PLEISTOCENE
THE FIRST GLACIATION
THE FIRST INTERGLACIAL STAGE
EARLY PLEISTOCENE FAUNA
THE TRINIL RACE
EOLITHS, OR PRIMITIVE FLINTS
THE SECOND GLACIATION
THE SECOND INTERGLACIAL STAGE
THE HEIDELBERG RACE
MIGRATIONS OF THE REINDEER
THE THIRD GLACIATION
CHAPTER II
DATE OF THE PRE-CHELLEAN INDUSTRY
GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
THE RIVER-DRIFT STATIONS
PRE-CHELLEAN INDUSTRY
THE PILTDOWN RACE
MAMMALIAN LIFE
CHELLEAN INDUSTRY
CHELLEAN GEOGRAPHY
PALÆOLITHIC STATIONS OF GERMANY
ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY
THE USE OF FIRE
ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY
THE SECOND PERIOD OF ARID CLIMATE
LATE ACHEULEAN IMPLEMENTS
THE NEANDERTHAL RACE OF KRAPINA
CHAPTER III
CLOSE OF THE THIRD INTERGLACIAL
THE FOURTH GLACIAL STAGE
ARCTIC TUNDRA LIFE
ENVIRONMENT OF THE NEANDERTHAL RACE
MAMMALS HUNTED BY THE NEANDERTHALS
CAVE LIFE
THE NEANDERTHAL RACE
MOUSTERIAN INDUSTRY
DISAPPEARANCE OF THE NEANDERTHALS
CHAPTER IV
OPENING OF THE UPPER PALÆOLITHIC
THE GRIMALDI RACE
ARRIVAL OF THE CRÔ-MAGNONS
UPPER PALÆOLITHIC CULTURES
UPPER PALÆOLITHIC RACES
GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
MAMMALIAN LIFE
THE CRÔ-MAGNON RACE
BURIAL CUSTOMS
A