Oedipus the King, is an Athenian tragedy by Sophocles that was first performed around 429 BC At first to the ancient Greeks, the title was simply Oedipus as it is referred to by Aristotle in the Poetics.Sophocles (497-406 BC) is one of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived to this day. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides.